European alternatives to Signal

Discover European-built tools you can use instead of Signal.

Signal sets the standard for private messaging: strong end-to-end encryption, no ads, no data harvesting, run by a non-profit. It's a US-based foundation, though, and it's a single centralised service. People who want a European option are usually after one of two things. Either infrastructure hosted in the EU, or a decentralised, federated protocol with no single operator at all. The alternatives below deliver encrypted messaging on those terms. Several are open source and self-hostable, and some use open federation, so no single company controls the network.